NBCSN Nationally Certified School Nurse Practice Exam

What age group is primarily affected by refractive errors?

1. Infants

2. Aged 1-4

3. Aged 5-14

4. Teenagers

The correct answer is: Aged 5-14

Refractive errors, which include conditions such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism, predominantly affect the age group of 5 to 14 years. This age range coincides with a critical period of visual development, during which children may experience changes in their vision as they grow and their eyes change shape. During this time, children might not always be able to articulate their vision problems, making screenings and assessments crucial for early detection. By recognizing the prevalence of refractive errors in this age group, school nurses can take proactive measures, such as conducting vision screenings and referring those in need to eye care professionals for appropriate evaluation and treatment. While infants and younger children can also experience refractive errors, they are less frequently identified within these specific age groups due to the complexities of assessing vision in very young children. Teenagers may develop refractive errors, but the most significant changes and occurrences are typically seen earlier in the school-age period, especially among children aged 5 to 14.