NBCSN Nationally Certified School Nurse Practice Exam

Which degree of burn is characterized by erythema and considered minor?

1. First degree

2. Second degree

3. Third degree

4. Fourth degree

The correct answer is: First degree

The first degree burn is characterized by erythema, which is redness of the skin, and is considered a minor injury. This type of burn affects only the outer layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. The skin may appear red and dry, and the individual may experience mild pain. There are typically no blisters, and the skin usually heals within a few days without significant medical intervention. In contrast, second degree burns involve damage to both the epidermis and part of the underlying dermis, resulting in redness, swelling, and the formation of blisters, indicating a more severe injury. Third degree burns extend through the dermis and affect deeper tissues, often resulting in a white or charred appearance with little to no pain sensation in the burned area due to nerve damage. Fourth degree burns are the most severe, affecting deeper tissues and even bone, and often require extensive medical treatment. Understanding the characteristics of each degree of burn allows for appropriate assessment and management of burn injuries.